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Osteoporosis, or porous bone, is a disease of progressive bone loss and skeletal deterioration in which bones become fragile and more likely to break, or fracture. The disease often develops unnoticed overmany years, with no symptoms or discomfort, until a fracture occurs.
There are many factors that can contribute to osteoporosis, one of which is not getting enough calcium. However, people who get enough calcium from foods and/or supplements can still be at risk of bone loss due to other reasons, such as having a family history of osteoporosis, not exercising, smoking, drinking too much alcohol, not getting enough vitamin D and having certain medical conditions or taking certain medicines that can cause bone loss. While getting the recommended amounts of calcium, vitamin D and exercise each day does not always prevent osteoporosis, these healthy lifestyle behaviors can help everyone have healthier bones.
Osteoporosis is one of the most common and debilitating chronic diseases, and a global healthcare problem. Around the world, one in three women and one in five men over the age of 50 will suffer an osteoporotic fracture. Although more common in older people, osteoporosis can also affect younger people.
As osteoporosis has no obvious symptoms other than a fracture when the bone is already significantly weakened, it is important to go to the doctor if any of the risk factors apply to you. The doctor will take a thorough medical history that includes information on any recent fractures and may determine that the next step is to have a bone mineral density (BMD) test. A number of different types of BMD tests are available, but the most accurate is DXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry). DXA is a low radiation X-ray capable of detecting quite low percentages of bone loss.
Physical therapy (PT) helps people recover from surgery, an accident or injury. PT also helps when a person’s body is not functioning at what is considered normal for them—perhaps they had a heart attack, stroke or fall; or are dealing with a neurological disease; or even facing aging and incontinence. Physical therapy helps when the body is changing in a way that is affecting function and quality of life. A physical therapist evaluates a person from the standpoint of their mobility, balance and strength. What are they having difficulty doing? What do they want to get back to doing? The basic premise of physical therapy is that you’re looking at the person’s physical dysfunction and determining the steps to take to improve the person’s physical condition.
Orthopedics (alternatively, orthopaedics) is a medical specialty focused on the diagnosis and treatment of conditions, disorders, and injuries of the muscles, bones, joints, tendons, ligaments, and nerves
Most people see an orthopedic specialist because of knee injuries, back pain, or shoulder injuries.